Correlation of Anthropometric and Upper Femoral, Morphometrics with Osteoporotic Related Hip Fracture Risk
Prabhu K, Vathsala V,Mani R,Johnson WMS.
Department of Anatomy; Department of Orthopaedics, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chromepet , Chennai 600 044, India
Key Words: hip fracture, bone mineral density, femoral morphometry
Abstract: Hip fractures have high morbidity and mortality among people and are generally seen in elderly population. In this study our focus was to know the relation of anthropometric factors and proximal femoral morphometry with fracture risk. Total of 107 women were recruited in this study. Determination of Bone mineral density by DXA scan is gold standard in prediction of osteoporotic related hip fracture. Based on scores of BMD we divide the Participants into two groups. 1. Fracture risk group and 2. Non fracture risk group. Age, BMI, hip axis length (HAL), neck shaft angle (NSA), and neck width (NW), were recorded and measured from the dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) print out. Age had negative relation with BMD and BMI had positive relation with BMD. HAL and NSA were more in fracture risk group. So our study suggests that, one should strive to use both geometry and BMD to predict the susceptibility to fracture in patients.
The number of hip fractures has been estimated to rise from 1.7 million in 1990 to 6.26 million by the year 2050, worldwide and this is mostly due to the increasing life expectancy and increasing size of the population in nearly all countries (Cooper et al., 1993). It increases the morbidity and mortality in elderly men and women (Baudoin et al., 1996).
Many risk factors are there to define the etiology of hip fracture. Age, diseases and trauma are the three main causes that play an important role in the etiopathology of hip fractures. (Alffran et al., 1964). It is also an outcome of age related osteoporosis. Alffran et al., (1964) emphasize the importance of osteoporosis as a predisposing factor in hip fractures. Together with age and gender, bone mineral density measurement is one of the reliable methods to evaluate the risk of osteoporotic –related hip fractures.